Rotate Matrix
Easy
You are given an n x n 2D matrix that represents an image. Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise). You have to rotate the matrix in place, which means you have to modify the input matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.
Example 1
Input
[ [ 1, 2, 3 ], [ 4, 5, 6 ], [ 7, 8, 9 ] ]
Output
Rotated Matrix: [[7,4,1],[8,5,2],[9,6,3]]
Explanation. The matrix is rotated clockwise, with the first row becoming the last column and so forth.
Example 2
Input
[ [ 5, 1, 9, 11 ], [ 2, 4, 8, 10 ], [ 13, 3, 6, 7 ], [ 15, 14, 12, 16 ] ]
Output
Rotated Matrix: [[15,13,2,5],[14,3,4,1],[12,6,8,9],[16,7,10,11]]
Explanation. The complex matrix of 4x4 dimension is being rotated clockwise.
Example 3
Input
[ [ 1 ] ]
Output
Rotated Matrix: [[1]]
Explanation. Since it's a single element, rotation does not change the matrix.
Follow-up: Can you perform this operation in a single pass?
Constraints:
- `matrix` is a 2D array of integers.\n- `n == matrix.length == matrix[i].length`\n- -1000 <= matrix[i][j] <= 1000
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